Xiaomao S Wu

6353226, Mar 5, 2002

Nov 23, 1998

09/198094

Omar S. Khalil - Libertyville IL
Xiaomao Wu - Gurnee IL
Johannes Sake Kanger - Enschede, NL
Rene′ Alexander Bolt - Enschede, NL
Shu-Jen Yeh - Grayslake IL
Charles F. Hanna - Libertyville IL
Frits Frans Maria de Mul - Almelo, NL

Abbott Laboratories - Abbott Park IL

A61B 500

2503418, 25033911, 356432, 600310, 600322, 600323

Apparatus and method for non-invasively measuring at least one optical parameter of a sample, particularly a sample of tissue that comprises a plurality of layers. The at least one parameter can be used to determine the presence or concentration of an analyte of interest in the sample of tissue. The apparatus and method of the present invention (1) measure light that is substantially reflected, scattered, absorbed, or emitted from a shallower layer of the sample of tissue, (2) measure light that is substantially reflected, scattered, absorbed, or emitted from a deeper layer of the sample of tissue, (3) determine at least one optical parameter for each of these layers, and (4) account for the effect of the shallower layer on the at least one optical parameter of the deeper layer. Specifying the sampling depth allows determinations of the optical properties of a specific layer of the sample of the tissue, e. g. , dermis, and decreases interference from other layers, e. g.

6615061, Sep 2, 2003

Aug 3, 1999

09/366084

Omar S. Khalil - Libertyville IL
Xiaomao Wu - Gurnee IL
Shu-jen Yeh - Grayslake IL
Charles F. Hanna - Libertyville IL
Stanislaw Kantor - Buffalo Grove IL

Abbott Laboratories - Abbott Park IL

A61B 500

600310, 600316, 600331

A method and apparatus for the measurement of trans-cutaneous diffuse reflectance at a single sampling distance for determining the concentration of an analyte in a biological sample, such as, for example, human tissue. The determination of the concentration of the analyte has been found to depend on the sampling distance and reaches an optimal result at a defined sampling distance for a given analyte and a given sample. The method involves measuring the light re-emitted from the sample at a distance from a light introduction site and correlating the intensity of the re-emitted light to the concentration of an analyte. For a given sample, the distance between the light collection site and a light introduction site (i. e. , the sampling distance) corresponds to the depth from the surface into the sample at which scattering and absorption events significantly affect the intensity of re-emitted light (i. e. , the sampling depth).

6630673, Oct 7, 2003

Dec 21, 2001

10/036826

Omar S. Khalil - Libertyville IL
Xiaomao Wu - Gurnee IL
Johannes Sake Kanger - Enschede, NL
Rene Alexander Bolt - Enschede, NL
Shu-Jen Yeh - Grayslake IL
Charles F. Hanna - Libertyville IL
Frits Frans Maria de Mul - Almelo, NL

Abbott Laboratories - Abbott Park IL

G01N 2147

2503418

Apparatus and method for non-invasively measuring at least one optical parameter of a sample, particularly a sample of tissue that comprises a plurality of layers. The at least one parameter can be used to determine the presence or concentration of an analyte of interest in the sample of tissue. The apparatus and method of the present invention (1) measure light that is substantially reflected, scattered, absorbed, or emitted from a shallower layer of the sample of tissue, (2) measure light that is substantially reflected, scattered, absorbed, or emitted from a deeper layer of the sample of tissue, (3) determine at least one optical parameter for each of these layers, and (4) account for the effect of the shallower layer on the at least one optical parameter of the deeper layer. Specifying the sampling depth allows determinations of the optical properties of a specific layer of the sample of the tissue, e. g. , dermis, and decreases interference from other layers, e. g.

6654620, Nov 25, 2003

Apr 16, 2001

09/835705

Xiaomao Wu - Gurnee IL
Omar S. Khalil - Libertyville IL
Shu-Jen Yeh - Grayslake IL
Charles F. Hanna - Libertyville IL

Abbott Laboratories - Abbott Park IL

A61B 550

600310, 600322

A method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a biological sample comprising the steps of: (1) providing an optical measuring instrument comprising a thermally controllable optical measuring element that comes into contact with the surface of the biological sample; (2) applying a coupling agent to the optical measuring element or to the surface of the biological sample or to both so that the coupling agent will be disposed at the interface of the surface of the biological sample and the optical measuring element; (3) measuring optical properties of the biological sample by means of the optical measuring instrument; and (4) correlating the optical properties of the biological sample with the concentration of the analyte in the biological sample. The coupling agent can be selected from the group consisting of silicone oil, mineral oil, polyethylene glycols, and oils from natural resources.

6662030, Dec 9, 2003

May 18, 1998

09/080470

Omar S. Khalil - Libertyville IL
Frits F. M. de Mul - Almelo, NL
Charles F. Hanna - Libertyville IL
Arnold F. Stalder - Kenosha WI
Shu-jen Yeh - Grayslake IL
Xiaomao Wu - Gurnee IL
Michael G. Lowery - Wildwood IL
Johannes S. Kanger - Enschede, NL
René A. Bolt - Enschede, NL

Abbott Laboratories - Abbott Park IL

A61B 500

600316, 600310, 600322, 600473, 600476

Devices and methods for non-invasively measuring at least one parameter of a sample, such as the presence or concentration of an analyte, in a body part wherein the temperature is controlled. The present invention measures light that is reflected, scattered, absorbed, or emitted by the sample from an average sampling depth, d , that is confined within a temperature controlled region in the tissue. This average sampling depth is preferably less than 2 mm, and more preferably less than 1 mm. Confining the sampling depth into the tissue is achieved by appropriate selection of the separation between the source and the detector and the illumination wavelengths. In another aspect, the invention involves a method and apparatus for non-invasively measuring at least one parameter of a body part with temperature stepping. In another aspect, the invention involves a method and apparatus for non-invasively measuring at least one parameter of a body part with temperature modulation. In another aspect, the invention provides an improved method of measuring at least one parameter of a tissue sample comprising the steps of: (a) lowering the temperature of said tissue sample to a temperature that is lower than the normal physiological temperature of the body; and (b) determining at least one optical property of said tissue sample.

6662031, Dec 9, 2003

May 8, 2000

09/566415

Omar S. Khalil - Libertyville IL
Xiaomao Wu - Gurnee IL
Shu-jen Yeh - Grayslake IL
Charles F. Hanna - Libertyville IL
Stanislaw Kantor - Buffalo Grove IL

Abbott Laboratoies - Abbott Park IL

A61B 500

600322, 600310

A method for the determination of hemoglobin and hematocrit by means of an apparatus that is capable of controlling the temperature of a defined subcutaneous volume of human skin. The method involves a calculation of hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value that takes into consideration the values of optical parameters of the sample at various pre-set temperatures. The apparatus and method employ steady state optical measurements of samples, such as, for example, human tissue, by means of a reflectance tissue photometer and localized control of the temperature of the sample. According to the method of this invention, an optical signal from a defined subcutaneous volume of human skin is measured as the temperature of this volume is controlled. The method and apparatus of this invention allow determination of hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value non-invasively in a population of subjects having different skin colors by means of steady state reflectance measurements. The method of this invention for determination of hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value is useful for monitoring patients, testing at the point of care, and screening for anemia.

20030212316, Nov 13, 2003

May 10, 2002

10/144224

Jeffrey Leiden - Glencoe IL, US
Omar Khalil - Libertyville IL, US
Eric Shain - Glencoe IL, US
Stanislaw Kantor - Buffalo Grove IL, US
Shu-jen Yeh - Grayslake IL, US
James Koziarz - Highland Park IL, US
Charles Hanna - Libertyville IL, US
Xiaomao Wu - Gurnee IL, US
Ronald Hohs - Kenosha WI, US

A61B005/00

600/323000

A method of monitoring a patient that comprises a non-invasive measurement of the hematocrit value or the concentration of hemoglobin coupled with the measurement of one or more vital signs. These vital signs include, but are not limited to, cardiac pulse rate, blood pressure, and arterial blood oxygenation. The invention also provides an apparatus for monitoring changes in the hematocrit value of a patient, in combination with one or more of the patient's vital signs.

62416634, Jun 5, 2001

Apr 29, 1999

9/302207

Xiaomao Wu - Gurnee IL
Omar S. Khalil - Libertyville IL
Shu-Jen Yeh - Grayslake IL
Charles F. Hanna - Libertyville IL

Abbott Laboratories - Abbott Park IL

A61B 500

600310

A method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a biological sample comprising the steps of: (1) providing an optical measuring instrument that comprises at least one thermally controllable optical measuring element that comes into contact with the surface of the biological sample; (2) applying an inert, thermally conductive, optically transparent coupling agent to the at least one optical measuring element or to the surface of the biological sample or both so that the coupling agent will be disposed at the interface of the surface of the biological sample and the at least one optical measuring element; (3) measuring optical properties of the biological sample by means of the optical measuring instrument; and (4) correlating the optical properties of the biological sample with the concentration of the analyte in the biological sample. A coupling agent suitable for this invention must have several properties to enable it to help decrease measurement variation, especially drift. One of the most important properties is sufficiently high optical stability that the optical properties of the coupling agent do not change even during prolonged experiments, such as oral glucose tolerance tests.